our classmate Kyle has gotten on the blogtrain and supplied us with a small piece to publish, let this be a lesson to you slackers and hopefully a little blogging competition will promote more 'articles'. Anyways, its about free trade and the benefits for global prosperity. I will comment in the comment section, as everyone else should.
Here is the piece:
Free trade has been proven to
increase world welfare in the long-run. In the short-run some developing
countries may not benefit due to a slow “learning curve” to the new system, but
overall the world and the poor will benefit from free trade policy. Listed below
are three reasons why I believe free trade is the best available world policy.
These are arguments that I have read, and agree with. Not too much original
thought, but nonetheless something I believe in.
1. Free
trade raises relative income in developing countries
There is
no argument that workers in developing countries are making very little relative
to the developed world. People argue that globalization and free trade has hurt
relative worker wage. This is wrong. The reason it appears this way, is because
globalization has “opened our eyes” to the relative pay in the developing world,
but they are actually getting higher pay than what they were before the
globalized free trade economy. They are still getting low, and sorry to inform
you, but there is little alternative to fix this. Fifty cents a day is better
than ten cents, and if the wage is forced to go higher, their employers will
simply pack up and leave. The only policy that can raise their wages higher
without dependence is more free trade. Paul Krugman says this nice in his Slate
article In Praise for Cheap Labour.
With free
trade, developing country workers, either in manufacturing or agriculture, are
now making more money, benefiting them directly. With free trade increasing
world output, wages also increase. This is great for developing countries.
2. Developed
country farmers are rich and the expense of developing country farmers because
of subsidies.
The United
States and European unions both have high agricultural subsidies that raise the
domestic price in order for them to be self-sustaining, while lowering the world
price. Not only does this hurt the domestic consumer, this hurts small
developing countries as even if they have a comparative advantage in producing
agriculture, they no longer are able to sell it, as the world price is too low
for them to make any money. An argument some make is that these developing
countries should also put up barriers in order to sell on the world market, but
from where are these barriers going to come from? Trade barriers require
subsidies, subsidies require higher taxes. These countries can’t afford an
agricultural subsidy, and nonetheless there is evidence that free trade is more
beneficial for growing than protectionism.
On the
same note, domestically subsidies raise the domestic price, as mentioned. If
free trade is implemented, consumers benefit around the world. It is estimated
that some countries pay over $1000 a year more in groceries because of
subsidies.
3. Free
trade promotes world peace
Though an
old argument, it is a valid one nonetheless. Free trade makes countries
dependent on each other through comparative advantage or other free trade
policies. When countries are dependent on each other it makes it near impossible
for wars to last long as they are no longer self-sustaining.
Kyle
I would agree fully, with points 2 and 3. But I want to raise something with point 1. Wages alone are a very small qualifier for quality of life. Assuming a market economy existed before 'free trade', then one can certainly make the claim that free trade is beneficial, and that 50 cents IS better than 10 cents. But the problem is that most 'developing' economies possessed a small market economy alongside a large non-market economy. Alot of the issues and shock about 'free trade' come from the disruptions that take place when transitioning from a non-market economy to a market economy. A market economy is easy to understand for those of us who have been raised in it, but it can be a completely strange and foreign concept for those that have not been acquinted with a large market economy (See, Robert Heilbroner's CBC massey lecture: 21st Century Capitalism for an awesome anecdote relating to this). Anyways, the transition to a Market economy can be shocking for those involved an even for an interested observer from the 1st world. So, I would agree with point 1 but only conditionally, in that there is alot more going on that just a 50 cent wage.
ReplyDeleteDan
Wonderful Post!
ReplyDeleteCompletely agree with Dan's point but I think that Kyle already addressed this "in the short-run some developing countries may not benefit due to a slow “learning curve” to the new system" . Short term there is for sure transitioning pains... but in the long run everyone benefits. I think the question Dan should of raised is how long is the short term? This of course will vary depending on the institutional arrangements.